Fig. 6
From: Predicting Nottingham grade in breast cancer digital pathology using a foundation model
Visualization of slides, heatmaps, and key regions for Nottingham grade. this figure illustrates the progression of histopathological features for Nottingham grades 1, 2, and 3 through original slides, corresponding heatmaps, and magnified grade-related regions: (A) Nottingham Grade 1: The original slide shows uniform cell structures. The heatmap highlights low-attention areas, reflecting minimal irregularities. The zoomed-in region confirms orderly tubular formations and low mitotic activity. (B) Nottingham Grade 2: The slide reveals moderately irregular structures. The heatmap shows mixed attention areas, indicating regions with moderate cellular pleomorphism and mitotic activity. The zoomed-in view corroborates an intermediate level of tubularity and nuclear atypia. (C) Nottingham Grade 3: The slide depicts highly irregular structures and significant cellular proliferation. The heatmap highlights intense attention areas, aligning with severe nuclear pleomorphism and high mitotic activity observed in the zoomed-in region. These visualizations demonstrate the AI model’s ability to focus on histologically relevant regions that align with Nottingham grading criteria