The association between tumor-stromal collagen features and the clinical outcomes of patients with breast cancer: a systematic review

Table 2 Association of collagen features with survival outcomes

Association	Collagen Feature	Survival Type: HR (p-value)	invasive/in situ	Reference
Decreased Survival Rate	Intratumoral Collagen Quantity	OS: HR = 7.84 (p = 0.031)	Invasive	[43]
	High Collagenous Stroma	DFS: HR = 2.107 (p = 0.037)		[10]
	Collagen Texture Correlation	OS: HR = 4.54 (p = 0.003)		[25]
	Mean Fiber Width	OS: HR = 14.25 (p = 0.010)
	Standard Deviation of Fiber Width	OS: HR = 5.01 (p = 0.011)
	Standard Deviation of Magnitude	OS: HR = 4.07 (p = 0.002)
	Fiber Alignment	DFS: HR = 1.96 (p = 0.011)		[23]
	TACS-3	DFS: HR = 2.59 (p = 0.002) DSS: HR = 2.25 (p = 0.008)		[23]
		DFS: HR = 2.39 (p = 0.017) DSS: HR = 2.17 (p = 0.037)		[17]
		DFS: HR = 3.04 (p = 0.02) DSS: HR = 3.34 (p = 0.02)		[48]
Increased Survival Rate	Local Collagen Density	OS & DFS	NA	[46]
	Local Collagen Density	PFS: HR = 0.95 (p = 0.026) OS: HR = 0.96 (p = 0.047)	Invasive	[44]
	Local Collagen Alignment	OS: HR = 0.05 (p = 0.010)		[44]
	Median Fiber Straightness	OS: HR = 0.12 (p < 0.001)		[25]
No Significant Association With Survival Rate	Intratumoral Collagen Uniformity	OS	Invasive	[43]
	Type I Collagen Protein Expression	OS & BCSS		[45]
	Fiber Density	DSS		[23]
	Total Collagen Deposition	OS & PFS		[44]
	Fiber Curvature	DFS & DSS		[23]
	Intratumoral Collagen Organization	OS		[43]
	TACS-3	OS & PFS		[44]
	TACS-2 and TACS-3	OS & PFS		[44]
	Ln F/B	OS	NA	[27]
	Ln R2 value	OS	NA	[27]

Definitions: Collagen Texture Correlation (Higher values indicate more uniform and consistent collagen patterns). Standard Deviation of Magnitude (Higher values reflect greater disorganization in collagen arrangement). Intratumoral Collagen Uniformity (Higher values mean the fibers are more evenly distributed and closely packed). Ln R2 value: (higher values reflect greater anisotropy). Ln F/B: (Higher value indicates larger fibril diameter, increased order in interfibrillar packing, and decreased fiber segmentation)
OS Overall Survival, DFS Disease-Free Survival, BCSS Breast Cancer-Specific Survival, DSS Disease-Specific Survival, PFS Progression-Free Survival, HR Hazard Ratio, NA Not Available, TACS Tumor-associated collagen signature, Ln R2 value Natural logarithm of the R-squared value, Ln F/B Natural logarithm of the Forward-to-Backward ratio

ISSN: 1465-542X