Fig. 1

Hierarchical clustering and DEGs identification in early-stage IDC samples. Heat map showing the differential gene expression profiles between TT, PT and NT samples (A) as well as the differences in gene expression in PT compared TT (B), PT samples compared to NT (C) and TT samples compared to NT (D). Each column represents one sample. Each row represents a single gene: green denotes a low relative expression while red denotes a high relative expression; Volcano plot displaying DEGs of PT samples compared to TT (E) or NT (F) samples as well as the differences in gene expression between TT and NT (G). Green dots and red dots represent downregulated and upregulated DEGs, respectively; (H) Bar diagram showing the number of identified downregulated and upregulated DEGs: gray bars are used to represent all DEGs while green and red are used to represent downregulated and upregulated DEGs, respectively