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Table 2 Associations between reproductive characteristics and breast cancer subtypes among all women combined

From: Reproductive characteristics, menopausal status, race and ethnicity, and risk of breast cancer subtypes defined by ER, PR and HER2 status: the Breast Cancer Etiology in Minorities study

 

Controls

Luminal A a

Luminal B b

Triple-negative c

HER2-enriched d

 

N

N

OR (95% CI) e

N

OR (95% CI) e

N

OR (95% CI) e

N

OR (95% CI) e

All women

4,579

1,530

 

442

 

578

 

244

 

Parous women

3,943

1,198

 

344

 

451

 

207

 

Parity status

         

Nulliparous

636

332

1.0

98

1.0

127

1.0

37

1.0

Parous

3,943

1,198

0.64 (0.53–0.77)

344

0.68 (0.51–0.90)

451

0.89 (0.67–1.19)

207

1.06 (0.70–1.59)

p-heterogeneity f by subtype = 0.04

         

Parity (number of FTP)

         

1

663

270

1.0

85

1.0

108

1.0

40

1.0

2

1,285

467

0.90 (0.73–1.12)

135

0.76 (0.55–1.06)

155

0.67 (0.48–0.94)

92

1.19 (0.77–1.82)

3

901

258

0.74 (0.58–0.95)

68

0.56 (0.38–0.83)

115

0.93 (0.64–1.35)

38

0.82 (0.49–1.37)

≥ 4

1,094

203

0.55 (0.42–0.73)

56

0.46 (0.29–0.71)

73

0.64 (0.41-1.00)

37

0.91 (0.52–1.62)

p trend

  

< 0.01

 

< 0.01

 

0.22

 

0.40

Per FTP

  

0.85 (0.76–0.96)

 

0.93 (0.79–1.09)

 

0.93 (0.79–1.10)

 

0.94 (0.76–1.17)

p-heterogeneity f by subtype = 0.04

         

Lifetime breast-feeding (months), parous women

         

0

1,248

409

1.0

120

1.0

167

1.0

77

1.0

≤ 12

1,468

500

0.97 (0.80–1.17)

126

0.85 (0.63–1.15)

167

0.82 (0.61–1.10)

89

1.00 (0.69–1.43)

> 12

1,227

289

0.69 (0.56–0.87)

98

0.98 (0.70–1.37)

117

0.73 (0.52–1.02)

41

0.60 (0.38–0.95)

p trend

  

< 0.01

 

0.84

 

0.06

 

0.04

Per 12 months

  

0.96 (0.89–1.03)

 

0.94 (0.84–1.05)

 

0.96 (0.85–1.08)

 

1.01 (0.88–1.17)

p-heterogeneity f by subtype = 0.07

         

Parity (FTP) by breast-feeding

         

1–2, never

728

263

1.0

81

1.0

106

1.0

51

1.0

1–2, ever

1,220

474

0.93 (0.75–1.15)

139

0.96 (0.69–1.34)

157

0.75 (0.53–1.06)

81

1.01 (0.66–1.53)

≥ 3, never

525

147

0.79 (0.59–1.05)

40

0.79 (0.50–1.24)

62

1.06 (0.68–1.64)

28

0.95 (0.54–1.66)

≥ 3, ever

1,470

314

0.56 (0.44–0.71)

84

0.55 (0.38–0.80)

126

0.76 (0.54–1.09)

49

0.59 (0.37–0.94)

p-heterogeneity f by subtype = 0.11

         

Age at menarche (years)

         

≥ 14

1,384

442

1.0

120

1.0

149

1.0

61

1.0

13

1,165

361

0.87 (0.72–1.06)

121

1.03 (0.76–1.39)

153

0.89 (0.66–1.20)

69

1.22 (0.83–1.80)

12

1,104

407

1.10 (0.91–1.33)

104

1.02 (0.75–1.39)

144

1.18 (0.87–1.59)

62

1.30 (0.87–1.94)

< 12

913

315

0.97 (0.79–1.19)

96

1.14 (0.83–1.57)

129

1.02 (0.74–1.40)

49

1.22 (0.80–1.87)

p trend

  

0.65

 

0.47

 

0.49

 

0.30

Per year

  

1.00 (0.96–1.04)

 

1.03 (0.96–1.10)

 

1.01 (0.94–1.08)

 

1.03 (0.95–1.12)

p-heterogeneity f by subtype = 0.64

         

Age at first FTP (years)

         

< 20

792

208

1.0

61

1.0

103

1.0

42

1.0

20–24

1,282

370

1.07 (0.83–1.38)

109

1.20 (0.81–1.77)

143

0.93 (0.65–1.33)

57

0.87 (0.54–1.42)

25–29

1,113

316

1.05 (0.79–1.40)

107

1.15 (0.75–1.76)

111

0.95 (0.63–1.43)

72

1.26 (0.75–2.13)

≥ 30

743

304

1.31 (0.96–1.78)

67

0.81 (0.50–1.32)

94

0.98 (0.62–1.55)

36

0.84 (0.46–1.55)

p trend

  

0.09

 

0.29

 

0.98

 

0.99

Per year

  

1.02 (1.01–1.04)

 

0.98 (0.96–1.01)

 

1.00 (0.98–1.03)

 

1.01 (0.97–1.04)

p-heterogeneity f by subtype = 0.02

         

Interval between menarche and first FTP (years)

         

< 10

1,567

416

1.0

118

1.0

188

1.0

71

1.0

10–14

1,175

348

1.07 (0.87–1.33)

120

1.33 (0.96–1.85)

119

1.05 (0.76–1.45)

69

1.40 (0.92–2.14)

≥ 15

1,176

431

1.24 (0.98–1.56)

106

0.85 (0.58–1.23)

141

1.04 (0.73–1.47)

64

1.19 (0.75–1.89)

p trend

  

0.07

 

0.32

 

0.83

 

0.51

Per year

  

1.02 (0.99–1.03)

 

0.99 (0.96–1.01)

 

1.00 (0.98–1.03)

 

1.01 (0.97–1.04)

p-heterogeneity f by subtype = 0.09

         

Interval between last FTP and diagnosis (years)

         

≥ 20

2,224

654

1.0

175

1.0

226

1.0

116

1.0

10–19

1,038

348

1.25 (0.97–1.60)

108

1.06 (0.73–1.54)

126

1.23 (0.84–1.80)

44

0.73 (0.44–1.20)

< 10

666

196

1.24 (0.88–1.73)

61

0.78 (0.46–1.32)

99

1.43 (0.85–2.41)

47

1.00 (0.52–1.92)

p trend

  

0.19

 

0.38

 

0.18

 

0.95

Per 1 year

  

1.02 (1.01–1.03)

 

0.99 (0.97–1.01)

 

1.01 (0.99–1.03)

 

1.01 (0.98–1.05)

p-heterogeneity f by subtype = 0.10

         

Interval between last FTP and diagnosis (years) by parity (FTP)

         

≥ 10, ≥ 3

1,711

405

1.0

106

1.0

154

1.0

58

1.0

≥ 10, 1–2

1,551

597

1.45 (1.20–1.76)

177

1.64 (1.21–2.23)

198

0.98 (0.73–1.33)

102

1.54 (1.04–2.30)

< 10, ≥ 3

270

56

1.14 (0.75–1.72)

18

0.89 (0.47–1.66)

34

1.34 (0.75–2.37)

17

2.14 (1.02–4.46)

< 10, 1–2

396

140

1.42 (1.02–1.98)

43

1.15 (0.69–1.93)

65

1.06 (0.64–1.75)

30

1.67 (0.87–3.20)

p-heterogeneity f by subtype = 0.09

         
  1. AABCS Asian American Breast Cancer Study, BMI body mass index, FTP full-term pregnancy, HER2 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, NC-BCFR Northern California Breast Cancer Family Registry, SFBCS San Francisco Bay Area Breast Cancer Study
  2. a Estrogen receptor-positive and/or progesterone receptor-positive and HER2-negative
  3. b Estrogen receptor-positive and/or progesterone receptor-positive and HER2-positive
  4. c Estrogen receptor-negative and progesterone receptor-negative and HER2-negative
  5. d Estrogen receptor-negative and progesterone receptor-negative and HER2-positive
  6. e Multivariable model was adjusted for race and ethnicity (African American, Asian American, Hispanic, non-Hispanic White); study (AABCS, NC-BCFR, SFBCS); age (continuous) at diagnosis (cases) or selection/interview (controls); education (high school graduate or less, some college or vocational/technical school, college graduate or higher degree); family history of breast cancer in first-degree relatives (no, yes); personal history of benign breast disease (no, yes); parity (nulliparous, 1, 2, 3, ≥ 4 FTP); lifetime breast-feeding (nulliparous, 0, ≤ 12, >12 months); history of oral contraceptive use (never, former, current); menopausal status and BMI composite variable (premenopausal BMI < 25, premenopausal BMI 25-29.9, premenopausal BMI ≥ 30, postmenopausal BMI < 25, postmenopausal BMI 25-29.9, postmenopausal BMI ≥ 30, unknown menopausal status); and alcohol consumption in reference year (0, < 6, ≥6 drinks/week)
  7. f P heterogeneity by subtype was calculated from polytomous logistic regression models with categorical reproductive variables, using the Wald test
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Breast Cancer Research

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